Kala soocidda birta aan-xawaaraha lahayn

Birta aan la taaban karin waxaa loo kala qaybin karaa birta aan birta lahayn ee austenitic, birta aan birta lahayn ee ferritic, birta aan birta lahayn ee martensitic iyo birta duplex-ga ah iyadoo loo eegayo qaab-dhismeedkeeda metallographic.

(1) Austenitic ahama

Qaab dhismeedka heerkulka qolka ee birta birta ah ee austenitic waa austenite, kaas oo lagu sameeyay in lagu daro nikkel ku habboon birta chromium-ka sare.

Birta birta ah ee Austenitic waxay leedahay qaab dhismeed austenite deggan oo keliya marka Cr ka kooban yahay 18%, Ni 8% ilaa 25%, iyo C oo ku saabsan 0.1%. Austenitic ahama waxay ku salaysan tahay Cr18Ni9 daawaha birta ku salaysan. Isticmaalo kala duwan, lix taxane ah oo birta aan lahayn austenitic ayaa la sameeyay.

Darajooyinka caadiga ah ee birta austenitic:
(1) 1Cr17Mn6Ni15N; (2) 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N; (3) 1Cr18Ni9; (4) 1Cr18Ni9Si3; (5) 06Cr19Ni10; (6) 00Cr19Ni10; (7) 0Cr19Ni9N; (8) 0Cr19Ni10NbN; (9) 00Cr18Ni10N; (10) 1Cr18Ni12; (11) 0Cr23Ni13; (12) 0Cr25Ni20; (13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; (14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2; (15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N; (16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N; (17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti; (18) 0Cr; 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2; (22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2; (23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3; (24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3; (25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5; (26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti; (27) (29) 0Cr18Ni; 0Cr18Ni13Si4;

Birta aan birta lahayn ee Austenitic waxay ka kooban tahay xaddi badan oo Ni iyo Cr ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa birta austenite heerkulka qolka. Waxay leedahay caag wanaagsan, adkaansho, weldability, iska caabin daxalka ah iyo sifooyinka birlab la'aanta ah ama daciifka ah. Waxay leedahay iska caabbinta daxalka wanaagsan ee oksaydheynta iyo yaraynta warbaahinta. Waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo qalab u adkaysta aashitada, sida weelasha u adkaysta daxalka iyo dahaarka qalabka iyo gaadiidka. Tuubooyinka, qaybaha qalabka u adkaysta nitric acid, iwm, ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa sida walxaha ugu muhiimsan ee qurxinta. Birta aan birta lahayn ee Austenitic guud ahaan waxay qabataa daawaynta xalka, taas oo ah, birta waxaa lagu kululeeyaa 1050 ilaa 1150 ° C, ka dibna biyo qabow ama hawo qaboojiso si loo helo qaab dhismeed austenite hal waji ah.

(2) birta aan lahayn ee ferritic

Darajooyinka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo birta aan-ka-baxsan ee ferritic: (1) 1Cr17; (2) 00Cr30Mo2; (3) 00Cr17; (4) 00Cr17; (5) 1Cr17Mo; (6) 00Cr27Mo;

Birta aan lahayn Ferritic waa bir aan kala go 'lahayn oo qaab dhismeedkeedu inta badan yahay ferrite heerkulka qolka. Maaddada Chromium waa 11% -30%, iska caabinteeda daxalka, adkaanta iyo alxanka waxay kordhisaa kororka maadada chromium, caabbinta daxalka chloride stress way ka fiican tahay noocyada kale ee birta daxalka ah, birta noocaan ah guud ahaan kuma jiraan nikkel, mararka qaarkood Waxa kale oo ku jira qadar yar oo ah Mo, Ti, Nb iyo walxo kale. Noocan birta ah wuxuu leeyahay sifooyinka kuleylka kuleylka weyn, isugeynta ballaarinta yar, iska caabbinta oksaydhka wanaagsan, iyo iska caabbinta daxalka walaaca. Inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro iska caabinta atmospheric, uumiga biyaha, biyaha iyo asiidhyada oksaydhka. Qaybaha daxalaystay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sifooyinka farsamada iyo waxqabadka geeddi-socodku waa kuwo liita, waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa qaababka u adkaysta aashitada oo leh cadaadis yar iyo sida birta-anti-oxidation. Waxa kale oo ay soo saari kartaa qaybo ka shaqeeya heerkulka sare, sida qaybaha gaaska.